I think that, although we are not doctors, it is very important to know a little bit of some motor disorders. So, I search a little bit of information and definition of some severe motor disorders which we can find in children of the classroom divided in Severe motor disorders (Children’s cerebral paralysis, biffine thorn, progressive muscle dystrophy) and mild motor disorders (Vars feet, motor apraxies, motor rhythms, tics, Pyschomotor instability syndrome or hyperkinetic syndrome)
1. SEVERE MOTOR DISORDERS
Children’s crebral paralysis
Brain organ involvementIt can be caused by:
In the fetus (due to lack of oxygen or maternal infections)
In the newborn (during birth due to lack of oxygenation - anoxia -, metabolic disorders or accidents)
Symptoms:
Stiffness and excitability in arms and legs
Abnormal and involuntary movements
Disturbance of the balance that affects locomotion and motor coordination
Repetitive contraction of flexor and extensor muscles (tremors)
Muscle stiffness
Muscular hypotonia that affects postural control and the execution of movements
According to the affected members it is denominated:
Tetraplegia: affects arms and legs
Paraplegia: affects the legs
Hemiplegia: affects the limbs on one side of the body
Monoplegia: affects only one limb
Biffine Thorn
Caused by incomplete development of the vertebrae during pregnancy that leaves a gap at the level of the lumbar region.
It causes a malformation of the spinal cord.
Caused by the interaction of genetic factors with unknown environmental agents.
Consequences:
Loss of skin sensitivity below the level of the lesion.
Weakness below the injury (can even cause paralysis of the lower limbs)
Weakness of the muscles of the bladder and intestine (possible urinary and intestinal incontinence)
Progressive muscle dystrophy
Causes: Genetic or of unknown origin.
Consequences:
Degeneration of muscle fibers that causes a progressive loss of muscle strengthIt.
Usually affects the legs first and can spread to the muscles of the rest of the body.
Polymyelitis or child paralysis
An infectious disease of viral etiology that attacks motor neurons, that is, injures portions of nerve fibers in the spinal cord.
It can cause bone deformities and paralysis
2. MILD MOTOR DISORDERS
Vars feet
The outer part of the feet has a crescent-shaped curvature, so that the front is oriented inwards until it touches both thumbs.
Cause: bone malformation due to poor posture posture of the fetus in the mother's womb. It usually resolves on its own before the child turns oneIf it is accompanied by other malformations, it will be called sore feet and can interfere with the normal development of the child's locomotion.
Motor apraxies
Difficulty coordinating movements (slow and clumsy movements).
Causes: neurological motor deficit and motor retardation
Motor rhythms
Motor manifestations of more or less regular, abrupt swinging and variable amplitude.
Affects: Head (cephalic rhythm), head and eyes (oculocephalic rhythm) or head and trunk (cephalocorporeal rhythm)
They can occur at night, during sleep. They usually end between the ages of two and a half and three years. They can be interpreted as an emotional expression or as a way to reduce the anxiety caused by unmet needs.
Tics
Involuntary and sudden appearance of simple movements. They can appear between 6 and 8 years old. Emotional origin. Repressing them produces discomfort. Willpower and distraction can interrupt them. Disappears when sleeping.
Types of tics:
Facials
Respiratory (shortness of breath, aspiration, yawning, etc.)
Head and neck
Of trunk and limbs
Founders
Digestive (swallowing, belching, aerophagia, etc.)
Pyschomotor instability syndrome or hyperkinetic syndrome
Alteration where two components can intervene:
Motor disorders (caused by problems with motor inhibition mechanisms)
Character or personality type (caused by emotional delays)
Those who suffer from it have difficulty staying still.
Prevents them from concentrating -> learning problems and school failure.
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